Windshield wiper de-icing

ABSTRACT

Methods and apparatus are provided for vehicle windshield washing-wiping and wiper de-icing. Primary nozzles provide washing fluid to the windshield during normal operations and secondary nozzles bathe the wiper arms with washing fluid to de-ice the wipers during a de-icing mode. Washing fluid is drawn from a reservoir and delivered to the nozzles by a pump. When the outside air temperature T is greater than Tc, the critical temperature for ice formation, the wipers and washing-wiping proceed normally with washing fluid delivered to the primary nozzles for windshield washing. When T≦Tc and the wipers are not moving, a washer fluid supply line valve delivers washing fluid to the secondary nozzles to de-ice the wipers. The wiper motor, washing fluid pump and valve are operated by a controller based on inputs from wiper position and air temperature sensors, using predetermined information stored in on-board memory.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention generally relates to vehicle windshield wipersystems, and more particularly, to windshield wiper and washer systemsproviding wiper blade de-icing.

BACKGROUND

It is well known in the art to provide vehicles with windshield wipersand windshield washers. In modern vehicles, the windshield washernozzles are often mounted on the wiper blades so that they spray more ofthe washer fluid on the windshield where it is desired and inject lessinto the vehicle slipstream. Examples of various windshieldwiping-washing arrangements are described in Patents GB 430366 toRawlinson, U.S. Pat. No. 2,961,168 to Webb, U.S. Pat. No. 3,213,493 toChichester, U.S. Pat. No. 3,230,564 to McDevitt, U.S. Pat. No. 6,234,410B1 to Martin et al, and U.S. Pat. No. 6,082,636 to Yoshida et al. Awiper de-icing system is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,438,789 B1.

FIG. 1 is a simplified representation of prior art vehicle windshieldwiping-washing system 20 comprising windshield 22 and wiper assemblies24, 24′. Wiper assembly 24 has oscillating wiper arm spindle 25, wiperarm 26, wiper blade support bracket 27, wiper blade 28 and spray nozzles29 that emit spray 30 during the windshield washing mode. Forconvenience of explanation it is assumed that wiper assembly 24′ isfunctionally identical to wiper assembly 24. FIG. 1 illustrateswindshield wiping-washing system 20 during a typical prior artwindshield wiping-washing operation while wiper assemblies 24, 24′ aremoving in directions 32, 32′ while emitting washing fluid spray 30.

FIG. 2 is a simplified flow chart showing operating process 60 of priorart vehicle windshield wiping-washing system 20 of FIG. 1. Process 60begins with START 61, which usually occurs on vehicle power-up. In WASHSWITCH ON? query step 62, it is determined whether the operator haspressed the “wash windshield” switch or button (usually found on thewiper control stalk). If the outcome of query 62 is NO (FALSE) then asshown by path 62A, process 60 loops back to start 61. If the outcome ofquery 62 is YES (TRUE), this initiates the windshield washing cycle.START PUMP step 63 is executed causing the washer fluid pump to turn onand WW ON IN WINDSHIELD WASH MODE step 64 to be executed. (Theabbreviation “WW” stands for “windshield wiper”.). In step 64 causes thewipers to begin moving across the windshield, usually in a low speedmode, suitable for a wash cycle. WASH SWITCH STILL ON? query 65 is thenexecuted to determine whether the operator is still activating the“wash” switch. If the outcome of query 65 is YES (TRUE) then method 60loops back as shown by path 65A and the pump and windshield wipersremain on. If the outcome of query 65 is NO (FALSE), then STOP PUMP step66 is executed and the washing fluid pump shuts off, thereby terminatingspraying of the windshield with washing fluid. The combination of steps62-65 cause nozzles 29 to emit washing fluid spray 30 onto thewindshield as long as the operator is activating the “wash” switch.After STOP PUMP step 66 washing fluid no longer flows to nozzles 29 andWW ON IN WINDSHIELD DRY MODE FOR TIME t1 step 67 is executed to dry thewindshield for time duration t1. In step 67 the windshield wipers may beleft in the same mode set in step 64 or changed to a different operatingmode. The duration t1 may be selected by the designer, depending uponparticular vehicle's requirements. Following the expiration of timeduration t1, method 60 executes RETURN WW TO PRIOR MODE step 68 wherebyit returns operation of the wipers to whatever state or mode they werein prior to initial query 62. Method 60 then returns to start 61 andinitial query 62 as shown by path 69.

These systems generally work well as far as cleaning the windshield isconcerned. However, present day wiper-washer systems still suffer from anumber of limitations or disadvantages. A significant problem with suchsystems is that they permit ice build-up on the wiper blades during coldweather driving conditions. When that happens, the wipers blades tend tolose contact with the windshield because the ice can prevent the bladefrom flexing to follow the contour of the windshield. When this happensthe wiping and/or washing action of the blades becomes progressivelyless effective. A smeared windshield and reduced visibility can result.This is a significant disadvantage. A limitation of prior art bladede-icing arrangements is that they are more complicated and moreexpensive that is desired.

Accordingly, it is desirable to provide an improved wiper-washer systemthat minimizes or eliminates blade icing in cold conditions. Inaddition, it is desirable that the blade de-icing apparatus and methodbe simple, rugged, reliable and require minimum modification of existingvehicle systems. Furthermore, other desirable features andcharacteristics of the present invention will become apparent from thesubsequent detailed description and the appended claims, taken inconjunction with the accompanying drawings and the foregoing technicalfield and background.

BRIEF SUMMARY

An apparatus is provided for vehicle windshield washing-wiping and wiperde-icing. Primary wash-spray nozzles provide washing fluid to thewindshield during normal washing operations. Secondary de-icing nozzlesspray washing fluid on the wipers when the wipers are at rest. The bestoccurs when the outside air temperature drops below a criticaltemperature Tc for ice formation. Washing fluid is supplied to thenozzles by a pump coupled between a washing fluid reservoir and thenozzles. One or more valves in the washing fluid supply line(s) directthe washing fluid flow to the nozzles. There is desirably a sensor fordetermining outside air temperature, a wiper position sensor fordetermining when the wipers are at rest, a wiper actuation motor forrunning the wipers and a controller coupled to the pump, valve(s),sensors and wiper motor for managing the operation thereof.

A method is provided for operating a vehicle windshield washing-wipingand wiper de-icing system. In response to a user activating a ‘wash’switch or equivalent, the washing fluid pump is turned on to start thewashing (and de-icing) cycle. It continues to run as long as the useractivates that switch. When the outside air temperature T is greaterthan Tc, the critical temperature for ice formation, the wipers andwashing-wiping proceed normally. The running pump delivers washing fluidfrom the reservoir to the primary wash-nozzles for windshield washingand no fluid is delivered to the secondary de-icing nozzles. When T≦Tcand the wipers are not moving, a valve in the washer fluid supply lineoperates and the running pump delivers washing fluid to the secondarynozzles to de-ice the wipers and/or reduce ice formation thereon. In thepreferred embodiment, the secondary de-icing nozzles do not operateduring normal washing operations and the primary wash-nozzles do notoperate during de-icing, but this is not essential. When the userreleases the ‘wash’ actuator, the pump shuts off, washing and de-icingstop and the wipers switch to a ‘drying’ mode for a time t1. Thereafter,the system preferably resets to whatever state or mode it was in priorto initiation of the wash cycle.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present invention will hereinafter be described in conjunction withthe following drawing figures, wherein like numerals denote likeelements, and

FIG. 1 is a simplified representation of a prior art vehicle windshieldwiping-washing system;

FIG. 2 is a simplified flow chart showing an operating process of theprior art vehicle windshield wiping-washing system of FIG. 1;

FIGS. 3-4 are simplified illustrations of the windshield wiping-washingand wiper de-icing system of the present invention for different wiperarm positions;

FIGS. 5-6 are simplified schematic piping diagrams of the windshieldwiping-washing and wiper de-icing system of the present inventionshowing further details and illustrating washing fluid flow duringdifferent modes of operation;

FIG. 7 is a simplified electrical schematic diagram of a control systemfor the wiping-washing and wiper de-icing system of the presentinvention; and.

FIG. 8 is a simplified process flow chart of a method of operation ofthe wiping-washing and wiper de-icing system of the present invention,according to a preferred embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following detailed description is merely exemplary in nature and isnot intended to limit the invention or the application and uses of theinvention. Furthermore, there is no intention to be bound by anyexpressed or implied theory presented in the preceding technical field,background, brief summary or the following detailed description.

The words “rest” or “pause” or “retracted” are used interchangeablyherein to refer to the position or status of the wipers generally whenmotion is temporarily stopped during intermittent operation and the word“stowage” is used generally to refer to the wiper position or statuswhen the wipers are OFF.

FIGS. 3-4 are simplified representations of the windshieldwiping-washing and wiper de-icing system 50 of the present invention fordifferent wiper arm positions 34, 35. In FIG. 3, wiper assemblies 24,24′ are shown in standard wiping-washing state 34, similar to that shownin FIG. 1, that is, wiper assemblies 24, 24′ are up on the windshieldmoving according to arrows 32, 32′ and emitting washing fluid sprays 30.This is analogous to the normal wiping-washing mode illustrated inFIG. 1. However, system 50 differs from prior art system 20 in that,among other things, auxiliary de-icing spray nozzles 36, 36′ areprovided. Auxiliary de-icing spray nozzles 36, 36′ spray wiperassemblies 24, 24′ when they are in pause or stowage position 35illustrated in FIG. 4. The washer fluid emitted as sprays 37, 37′contains an antifreeze compound and therefore acts to melt ice that hasaccumulated on wiper assemblies 24, 24′. When wiper assemblies 24, 24′are in retracted or stowage position 35, windshield washing sprays 30are desirably turned off, but this is not essential.

FIGS. 5-6 are simplified schematic piping diagrams of windshieldwiping-washing and wiper de-icing system 50 of the present inventionshowing further details and illustrating washing fluid flow duringdifferent modes of operation. For clarity, the details of wiper armspindle 25, wiper arm 26, wiper blade support bracket 27 and wiper blade28 are omitted in FIGS. 5-6. As shown in FIGS. 5-6, system 50 of thepresent invention includes washing fluid reservoir 52, washing fluidpump 54, valve 56, and: (i) tubing or conduit 57 leading to wiperassemblies 24, 24′ with spray nozzles 29 emitting washing fluid sprays30 (see FIG. 5), and (ii) tubing or conduit 58 leading to nozzles 36emitting washing fluid sprays 37 (see FIG. 6). For convenience ofexplanation and not intended to be limiting, it is assumed that wiperassembly 24′ is like assembly 24 and operates in substantially the sameway and likewise for nozzles 36′, 36 and sprays 37′, 37. For convenienceof description, unless otherwise expressly indicated, reference numbers24, 36, 37 are intended to include their primed equivalents 24′, 36′,37′.

In FIGS. 5-6 heavier dark lines are used to illustrate the pathsfollowed by windshield washing fluid 53 from reservoir 52, through pump54 and valve 56 to wiper assembly spray nozzles 29 in FIG. 5 orauxiliary de-icing spray nozzles 36 in FIG. 6. FIG. 5 illustrateswashing fluid flow during normal wiping-washing mode of operation. InFIG. 5 washing fluid 53 flows from pump 54 through valve 56 throughchannel 57 to wiper assembly 24 and nozzles 29, which produce sprays 30.FIG. 6 illustrates the arrangement of parts and washing fluid flowduring the wiper de-icing operation of the present invention. In FIG. 6washing fluid 53 flows from reservoir 52 through pump 54, through valve56 and conduit 58 to nozzles 36, which produce sprays 37. Nozzles 36 arearranged with respect to wiper assembly 24 in retracted or rest position35 so as to maximize coverage of wiper assemblies 24 by sprays 37,especially coverage of support brackets 27 and blades 28 where iceformation can have the largest impact.

In FIGS. 5-6 valve 56 is assumed to be a two position exclusive ORvalve, that is, washing fluid 53 flows either to nozzles 29 or nozzles36 but not to both nozzles 29 and 36 at the same time. However, this ismerely for convenience of description and not intended to be limiting.Persons of skill in the art will understand based on the descriptionherein that valve 56 may, alternatively, be such that washing fluid 53flows to nozzles 29 for sprays 30 whenever pump 54 is on and that valve56 only switches on and off sprays 37. Either arrangement is useful.Still further, persons of skill in the art will understand based on thedescription herein that valve 56 may embody two independent valves, onefor nozzles 36 and sprays 37 and another for nozzles 29 and sprays 30,but this is not essential. A dual valve arrangement has the advantage offlexibility of operation since sprays 30 and 37 may be independentlycontrolled. In the preferred mode of operation sprays 37 come on whenwiper assembly 24 is in retracted position 35 and sprays 30 come on whenwiper assembly 24 is in wiping position 34 and the user has activatedthe “wash” mode switch.

FIG. 7 is a simplified electrical schematic diagram of control system 70useful for wiping-washing and wiper de-icing system 50 of the presentinvention. System 70 comprises washer-on switch 72 (the “wash” modeswitch) coupled to controller 74 by bus or leads 73, memory 76 coupledto controller 74 by bus or leads 75, temperature sensor 78 coupled tocontroller 74 by bus or leads 77, washer fluid pump switch 80 coupled tocontroller 74 by bus or leads 81, wiper actuator 82 coupled tocontroller 74 by bus or leads 83, de-ice valve activator 84 coupled toprocessor 74 by bus or leads 85 and wiper position sensor 86 coupled toprocessor 74 by bus or leads 87. Wiper actuator 82 and wiper positionsensor 86 may be integrated in the same housing or interconnected asshown by bus or leads 89. Washer-on switch 72 is what the operator usesto initiate a windshield washing operation, that is, to launch a washcycle or wash mode. Memory 76 stores operating programs (e.g., see FIG.7), predetermined constants (e.g., t1, tp, Tc, etc.) and intermediatevariable values used by controller 74 of control system 70 in operatingsystem 50. Pump switch 80 energizes pump 54 of FIGS. 5-6. Controller 74manages overall operation of washer/wiper/de-icing system 50. Wiperactuator 82, e.g., a motor or motor assembly, causes wiper assembly 24to move across windshield 22 in directions 32 and return to rest, pauseand/or stowage position 35, under the control of controller 74. De-icevalve activator 84 opens and closes valve(s) 56 and wiper positionsensor 86 monitors or determines the position of wiper assembly 24, thatis, whether it is in wiping position 34 or in retracted or stowageposition 35. Person of skill in the art will understand that the pauseor rest position of wiper assembly 24 may be somewhat different than thestowage position. In general, in the rest or pause position, assembly 24usually does not retracted as far toward or at the base of thewindshield as in the stowage position. For the purposes of thisinvention, nozzles 36 may be located so that sprays 37 contact wiperassemblies 24 in either the pause or stowage positions or both accordingto the needs of the designer. Persons of skill in the art will alsounderstand that different types valves may be used for valve(s) 56 and,as used herein, the words “de-ice valve actuator 84” are not intended tobe limiting and are intended to include any type of mechanism as may beappropriate to operate the type of valve(s) 56 being used. The operationof system 70 will be more fully understood by reference to FIG. 8.

Control system 70 may be a fully software programmable system whereinprogram instructions are stored in memory 76 and executed by controller74 or it may be a hardwired logic system or a combination thereof.Control system 70 may be a dedicated controller substantially dealingonly with washing/wiping/de-icing system 50 or may be part of an overallor shared vehicle electronic system dealing with system 50 on a parttime basis, or a combination thereof. The various elements of system 70may be dumb, that is, operating entirely under the direction ofcontroller 74 or may be smart, that is, containing some logicalfunctions and/or timers. The various elements in system 70 may operateunder the general direction of controller 74 but provide certainsub-functions (e.g., timing, critical value comparisons, etc.) on theirown. Either arrangement is useful. Various time intervals or timedurations mentioned herein, e.g., t1, tp, etc. may be measured usingsoftware loops or other programmable means or may be measured byseparate hardware timers or combinations thereof. For example, dry-modetime duration t1 may be determined by controller 74 or may be determinedby a timer built actuator 82 or elsewhere and the signals sent bycontroller 74 to operate actuator 82 adapted accordingly. Any and all ofthese variations are useful and persons of skill in the art willunderstand based on the description herein how to implement themdepending upon the needs of their particular application.

FIG. 8 is a simplified process flow chart of method 100 of operatingwiping-washing and wiper de-icing system 50 of the present invention,according to a preferred embodiment. Method 100 is executed by controlsystem 50 of FIG. 7 in combination with reservoir 52, pump 54 andvalve(s) 56 of FIGS. 5-6. Method 100 begins with START 102 thatdesirably occurs at vehicle power-up, that is, when system 70 isenergized when the vehicle is turned on. System 70 and method 100 arequiescent until the operator or other vehicle operator pushes orotherwise activates switch 72 to initiate a wash cycle, whereupon WASHSWITCH ON? query 104 results in a YES (TRUE) outcome. (Prior to thatquery 104 returns a NO (FALSE) outcome and loops back to start 102.)Method 100 then progresses to START PUMP step 106 wherein, for example,controller 74 retrieves a “start wash” signal from switch 72 and sendsan appropriate signal over bus or leads 81 to pump switch 80 therebycausing washing fluid pump 54 to start pumping fluid 53 from reservoir52 through washing/de-icing system 50. This initiates the windshieldwashing process. As will be subsequently explained, washing fluid pumpstays on as long as the operator continues to activate switch 72.Following START PUMP step 106, method 100 executes OUTSIDE TEMP>Tc?query 108 wherein it is determined whether or not the outside airtemperature measured by temperature sensor 78 is greater than apredetermined critical Tc. Tc is the temperature at which there is asignificant probability of ice formation on wiper assembly 24, and isgenerally in the range of 0° C. to −39° C., usually about 0° C. to −20°C. and more likely about −7° C. However, some ice formation may occureven though the average ambient temperature is ≧0° C. because heat lossfrom evaporation may lower the temperature of residual water on wiperassembly 24 or wiper assembly 24 itself to below 0° C. Therefore,setting Tc in the range about +5° C. to −5° C. is convenient, with about0° C. preferred. Tc may be retrieved from memory 76 by controller 74 ormay be stored in sensor 78. Either arrangement is useful.

If the outcome of query 108 is YES (TRUE) meaning that the outside airtemperature is high enough that ice formation on wiper assembly 24 isunlikely, then method 100 proceeds to steps 110-118. Steps 110-118 areanalogous to conventional wash cycle steps 64-68, respectively. WW ON INWINDSHIELD WASH MODE step 110 is executed. (The abbreviation “WW” standsfor “windshield wiper”.). Step 110 causes the wipers to begin movingacross the windshield, usually in a low speed mode, suitable for a washcycle. WASH SWITCH STILL ON? query 112 is then executed to determinewhether the operator is still activating the “wash” switch. If theoutcome of query 112 is YES (TRUE) then method 60 loops back as shown bypath 112A and the pump and windshield wipers remain on. If the outcomeof query 112 is NO (FALSE), then STOP PUMP step 114 is executed and thewashing fluid pump shuts off, thereby terminating spraying of thewindshield with washing fluid. The combination of steps 106-114 causenozzles 29 to emit washing fluid spray 30 onto the windshield as long asthe operator is activating the “wash” switch and the ambient temperatureT>Tc. After STOP PUMP step 114 washing fluid no longer flows to nozzles29 and WW ON IN WINDSHIELD DRY MODE FOR TIME t1 step 116 is executed todry the windshield for time duration t1. In step 116 the windshieldwipers may be left in the same mode set in step 110 or changed to adifferent operating mode. The duration t1 may be selected by thedesigner, depending upon the particular vehicle's requirements.Approximately 10 seconds is a non-limiting example of a useful timeduration for t1, but larger or smaller values can also be used.Following the expiration of time duration t1, method 100 executes RETURNWW TO PRIOR MODE step 118 whereby it returns operation of the wipers towhatever state or mode they were in prior to initial query 104. Method100 then returns to start 102 and initial query 104 as shown by path119.

Most modern wiper systems can operate continuously at various speeds orin a pause or delay mode. In the delay mode, wiper assembly 24 operatesin wiping position 34 for a predetermined wiping time and pauses in restposition 35 for a predetermined ‘pause’ time tp, and then repeats thesequence wipe-pause-wipe, etc. Returning now to query 108, if theoutcome of query 108 is NO (FALSE), then method 100 proceeds to WW ON INDE-ICE MODE step 120. The de-ice mode is preferably a minimum pause timeoperating mode, that is tp has its smallest value. Pause time tp may,for example, be retrieved by controller 74 from memory 76 or maybe builtinto actuator 82 or a combination thereof. Either arrangement is useful.Minimum pause times tp are conveniently in the range of 0 to 2 seconds,typically in the range of 0.1 to 1 seconds and preferably in the rangeof 0.25 to 0.50 seconds. Following step 120, system 50 prepares tode-ice wiper assemblies 24 by executing WW MOVING? query 122. In step122, system 70 determines whether wiper assembly 24 is moving or not,e.g., stuck in the ice or temporarily paused. If the outcome of query122 is YES (TRUE) indicating that wiper assemblies 24 are moving, thenmethod 100 proceeds to step 124. In step 124 if de-ice valve 56 isalready open to permit washer fluid 53 to flow to nozzles 36, then valve56 is closed. If valve 54 is already closed, then in step 124, itremains closed. This is accomplished by controller 74 sending anappropriate signal to de-icing valve activator 84 controlling valve(s)56.

If the outcome of query 122 is NO (FALSE) indicating that wiperassemblies 24 are not moving, e.g., one or both of assemblies 24, 24′are held fast by ice or in a temporary pause, then in step 126, de-icingvalve activator 84 is energized to open valve 56 causing washer fluid 53to flow to nozzles 36 so that sprays 37 are directed toward wiperassemblies 24 while in retracted or paused position 35. Following steps124 or 126, WASH SWITCH STILL ON? query 128 is executed whereincontroller 74 determines the state of switch 72 (or 80). If the outcomeof query 128 is NO (FALSE) indicating that the operator has releasedswitch 72, then method 100 proceeds to STOP PUMP step 114, WW ON INWINDSHIELD DRY MODE FOR TIME t1 step 116, RETURN WW TO PRIOR MODE step118 and return to START 102 via path 119, as already discussed. If theoutcome of query 128 is YES (TRUE) indicating that the operator has‘wash’ switch 72 (and therefore pump switch 80) still activated, thenmethod 100 loops back to step 122 as shown by path 129. As long as theoperator continues to depress or otherwise activate switch 72, method100 will activate sprays 37 whenever wiper assemblies 24 are paused orstuck in position 35 and thereby provide de-icing fluid to assemblies24.

There are two scenarios of interest: First, if wiper assembly 24 isfrozen, unable to move and is stuck in the pause or rest or stowageposition, method 100 continues to bathe wiper assembly 24 in washingfluid de-icing spray 73 as long as switch 72 is activated; and Second,if wiper assembly 24 can move and shuttle back and forth in thedirection of arrows 32, then in the de-ice mode provided by step 120,each time wiper assembly 24 stops in pause or rest position 35, valve 56opens in response to step 126 and wiper assemblies 24 are bathed withwashing fluid de-icing spray 73 during the pause interval. This servesto retard or prevent further ice buildup when the wipers are operatingin cold weather conditions. Method 100 continues around this loop (steps120, 122, 124/126, 128) until the operator releases switch 72 and pump54 shuts off in step 114. Then, as already discussed, method 100proceeds to WW ON IN WINDSHIELD DRY MODE FOR TIME t1 step 116, RETURN WWTO PRIOR MODE step 118 and then returns to START 102 as shown by path119.

In the preferred embodiment, the operator controls the amount ofwindshield washer fluid by maintaining the switch 72 in the activeposition, but this is not essential. Alternatively, controller 74 or thevehicle computer can control the amount of windshield washer fluiddelivered during the wash cycle and/or the de-ice cycle. This has theadvantage that the state of the vehicle can be used to determine thetime required for the various steps executed in method 100. For exampleand not intended to be limiting, the pump-on time and the wash and/orde-ice time can be made dependant on vehicle geometry, vehicle speed,wind speed, wiper speed, wiper motor feedback, windshield size, pumpflow, ambient temperature, wash fluid composition, washer fluidtemperature, other factors and/or combinations thereof. This allows thesystem to deliver an appropriate amount of fluid and wiper and/or de-icecycle times as function of the current vehicle state. For example, whenthe vehicle is parked, the de-ice mode spray interval and the wipeintervals can be lengthened to help combat accumulating snow or otheradverse conditions.

While at least one exemplary embodiment has been presented in theforegoing detailed description, it should be appreciated that a vastnumber of variations exist. For example, while operation of system 50has been described in terms of nozzles 29 being mounted on wiperassemblies 24, this is not essential. Alternatively, nozzles 29 may bemounted on the vehicle itself, for example, at the periphery ofwindshield 22 and spray onto windshield 22 during the windshield washingcycle before or during wiper motion 32. Either arrangement is useful. Itwill also be noted that, in contrast to prior art wiper de-icingarrangements such as are described for example in U.S. Pat. No.6,438,789 B1, nozzles 36 are preferably fixed and that a pop-up bladede-icing arrangement is not necessary. This significantly simplifiesblade de-icing and is a significant advantage over the prior art.

It will be further noted that although in the preferred embodimentsensor 78 is used to measure ambient air temperature T and query 108 isexecuted in preferred method 100 to determine whether T>Tc, this is notessential. The present invention will also operate if temperature sensor78 is omitted and query 108 is replaced with a timing or randomizingstep that toggles method 100 between branches 110-112 and branch 120-128(the branches rejoin at step 114) at periodic or random intervals. Somewashing fluid will be wasted when freezing is unlikely, but thisalternative arrangement provides a useful backup in case sensor 78fails. It should also be appreciated that the exemplary embodiment orexemplary embodiments are only examples, and are not intended to limitthe scope, applicability, or configuration of the invention in any way.Rather, the foregoing detailed description will provide those skilled inthe art with a convenient road map for implementing the exemplaryembodiment or exemplary embodiments. It should be understood thatvarious changes can be made in the function and arrangement of elementswithout departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in theappended claims and the legal equivalents thereof.

1. A vehicle windshield washing and wiper de-icing system for awindshield, the system comprising: a wiper assembly configured to move awindshield wiper across the windshield from a first position through awiping motion back to the first position; a first nozzle configured todeliver washing fluid to the windshield before or during the wipingmotion; and a second nozzle configured to deliver washing fluid to thewiper while in the first position, to remove ice therefrom.
 2. Thesystem of claim 1 further comprising a washing fluid reservoir coupledto the first and second nozzles.
 3. The system of claim 2 furthercomprising a washing fluid pump coupled between the reservoir and thefirst and second nozzles.
 4. The system of claim 3 further comprising atleast one valve between the pump and the second nozzle for regulatingwashing fluid flow to said second nozzle.
 5. The system of claim 4wherein the washing fluid flows to the at least one second nozzlesubstantially only when not flowing to the first nozzle.
 6. The systemof claim 4 wherein the washing fluid flows to the second nozzlesubstantially while washing fluid also flows to the first nozzle.
 7. Thesystem of claim 1 wherein the first position is a pause position wherethe wiper assembly is temporarily stopped.
 8. The system of claim 1wherein the first position is a stowage position where the wiperassembly is situated while off.
 9. The system of claim 4 comprising atleast two valves coupled between the pump and the first and secondnozzles, a first valve controlling washing fluid flow to the firstnozzle and a second valve controlling washing fluid flow to the secondnozzle.
 10. The system of claim 1 wherein the first nozzle is mounted onthe wiper assembly.
 11. The system of claim 1 wherein the first nozzleis mounted on a body of the vehicle.
 12. The system of claim 1 whereinthe second nozzle is mounted on a body of the vehicle.
 13. A method forwindshield washing-wiping and wiper de-icing in a vehicle in response toan operator's ‘wash’ request, wherein the vehicle has a pump forselectively delivering washing fluid to a primary nozzle configured tospray washing fluid on the windshield and a secondary nozzle configuredto spray washing fluid on the wiper, the method comprising: starting thepump, and determining whether or not the outside air temperature T isgreater than a predetermined value Tc; and then if T>Tc, running thewiper in a wash mode while the pump continues to run, delivering washingfluid to one or more primary nozzles while the pump continues to run,and stopping the pump when the operator's ‘wash’ request ends; else ifT≦Tc, then running the wipers in a de-icing mode while the pumpcontinues to run, and determining whether the wipers are moving, and ifnot moving, delivering washing fluid to the secondary nozzle while thepump continues to run; or if moving, not delivering washing fluid to thesecondary nozzle; and stopping the pump when the ‘wash’ request from theoperator ends.
 14. The method of claim 13 further comprising, followingeither stopping step: running the wipers in a further mode to promotedrying of the windshield.
 15. The method of claim 14 further comprisingfollowing the last running step: returning operation of the wipers towhatever operating mode existed prior to the operator's ‘wash’ request.16. The method of claim 13 further comprising, following either stoppingstep: running the wipers in a further mode for time duration t1 topromote drying of the windshield.
 17. A vehicle mounted system forwiping and washing windshields and de-icing windshield wipers,comprising: at least one windshield wiper; an actuator coupled to the atleast one wiper for moving the wiper from a rest position across thewindshield and back to the rest position; a wash-mode switch; an outsideair temperature sensor; a reservoir adapted to receive washing fluid; awashing fluid pump coupled to the reservoir; a valve coupled to thepump; a first plurality of nozzles coupled to the pump for sprayingwashing fluid on the windshield while the pump is pumping; a secondplurality of second nozzles coupled to the at least one valve forspraying washing fluid on the wipers while the pump is pumping and thevalve is open; and a controller coupled to the switch, the actuator, thesensor, the pump and the valve, wherein in response to a signal receivedfrom the switch, the controller turns on the pump and compares theoutside air temperature T received from the sensor with a predeterminedstored value Tc, and then if T <Tc, turns on the actuator and opens thevalve to deliver washing fluid to the second plurality of nozzles forde-icing when the wiper is in the rest position.
 18. The system of claim17 wherein for T>Tc, the controller turns on the actuator and deliverswashing fluid to the first plurality of nozzles to wash the windshield.19. The system of claim 18 wherein after washing or de-icing iscomplete, the controller returns the system to its state prior toreceiving the signal from the wash-mode switch.